> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://stage-precision.gitbook.io/grid/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://stage-precision.gitbook.io/grid/camera-calibration/before-you-start/calibration-references/calibration-screens/single-screen-setup.md). # Single Screen Setup Use a **Single Screen Setup** when your calibration reference is one known physical reference surface. This can be: * one LED wall section * one monitor * one TV * one printed calibration board * one precisely measured flat calibration target A Single Screen Setup is the simplest Calibration Screen setup. It is used when the reference surface can be represented as one flat rectangular screen in Grid Studio. *** ## Step 1: Create a Single Screen Calibration Screen Create a new **Single Screen** object in Grid Studio. You can find it by searching for **Single Screen** or by selecting it from the **Calibration** section when adding a new object.
Give the Calibration Screen a clear name that helps you identify the physical reference surface later, for example: * `Calibration Board` * `Lens Calibration Monitor` * `Stage Left LED Wall` * `Reference TV` *** ## Step 2: Set the Screen Dimensions Select the Calibration Screen and open the **Screen** tab in the Inspector. Enter the correct physical and pixel dimensions of your reference surface. You need to define: * the physical width * the physical height * the pixel width * the pixel height

Dimensions of the Screen can be found under the Screen Tab

The physical dimensions must match the real reference surface. If you are using a printed board, enter the real printed size. If you are using a digital screen, enter the real physical size of the visible display area. The pixel dimensions should match the resolution used for the Calibration Image. {% hint style="info" %} If you change the screen resolution, regenerate the texture from the **Screen** tab before exporting the Calibration Image. {% endhint %} *** ## Step 3: Set Up the Calibration Pattern After setting the physical and pixel dimensions, configure the Calibration Pattern. Open the **SP Pattern** settings on the Calibration Screen. These settings control how the Calibration Pattern is generated for this screen.
### Tag Generator The **Tag Generator** controls how marker IDs and marker layouts are assigned in the Calibration Pattern. The available modes are: * **Default** * **Shuffle** **Default** generates marker IDs sequentially. This can be useful for simple setups, small printed boards, or cases where you want direct control over the marker ID range. When using **Default**, make sure that the marker ID ranges do not overlap between Calibration Screens. Default mode is limited to `2114` individual marker IDs. **Shuffle** generates a pattern that uses the surrounding marker neighborhood as part of the identification. This allows Grid Studio to use significantly more markers and avoids the same practical marker count limitation as Default mode. Shuffle is usually preferred for larger Calibration Screens, multi-screen setups, or setups where many markers are required. However, Shuffle requires enough surrounding marker information to identify the pattern reliably. Because of this, it is not suitable for very small calibration boards, for example boards that only contain a `2 x 1` marker layout. Default and Shuffle can also be mixed in the same project. For example, you can use Default for small printed boards and Shuffle for larger Calibration Screens or LED walls. {% hint style="info" %} Use **Default** when you need small, simple, or manually controlled marker ranges. Use **Shuffle** when you need many markers or want to avoid running into the Default marker ID limit. {% endhint %} ### Start Marker ID The **Start Marker ID** defines the first marker ID used by the generated Calibration Pattern. When the **Tag Generator** is set to **Default**, marker IDs are generated sequentially. In this mode, marker IDs must not overlap between different Calibration Screens that are used in the same calibration workflow. Directly below the **Start Marker ID** parameter, Grid Studio shows how many markers are used by the current Calibration Screen and which marker ID range is occupied. For example: ``` Markers: 32, IDs: 0–31 ``` This means that the current Calibration Screen uses 32 markers, starting at marker ID `0` and ending at marker ID `31`. If another Calibration Screen also uses the **Default** Tag Generator, it must not use any of these marker IDs. In this example, the next screen should start at marker ID `32` or higher. Example: A Calibration Screen with a physical size of `1.777 m x 1.0 m`, a resolution of `1920 x 1080 px`, and a target Marker Size of `25 cm` may consume `32` markers. If the **Start Marker ID** is set to `0`, this screen will use: ``` Marker IDs: 0–31 ``` Another Calibration Screen using the **Default** Tag Generator must then use a different range, for example: ``` Start Marker ID: 32 Marker IDs: 32–63 ``` The **Default** Tag Generator provides `2114` individual marker IDs. After these IDs are used, no additional unique markers are available in Default mode. For larger setups or setups that require more markers, use the **Shuffle** Tag Generator. {% hint style="warning" %} When using the **Default** Tag Generator, marker ID ranges must not overlap between Calibration Screens used in the same calibration. Overlapping marker IDs can make it impossible for the calibration tool to reliably identify which Calibration Screen a detected marker belongs to. {% endhint %} ### Marker Size The **Marker Size** defines the target physical size of the markers in the Calibration Pattern. This value should be understood as an approximate target size, not always as the exact final marker size. Grid Studio avoids interpolating the marker pattern when generating the Calibration Image. A marker is based on a fixed pixel structure, `9 x 9 px`. To keep the pattern sharp and reliably detectable, Grid Studio only scales this structure by clean integer steps, such as: * `9 x 9 px` * `18 x 18 px` * `27 x 27 px` * `36 x 36 px` * `45 x 45 px` * and so on This means the final marker size may be slightly different from the value entered in the Marker Size field. For example, a 75" 16:9 screen has an approximate physical size of `166 cm x 93 cm`. If the Calibration Image is generated at `1920 x 1080 px`, one pixel represents about `0.086 cm` on the physical screen. If you enter a Marker Size of `25 cm`, the ideal marker size would be about `289 px`. However, `289 px` is not a clean multiple of the base marker size. Grid Studio will therefore use the closest clean marker size, for example `288 px`, which is `32 x 9 px`. On this screen, `288 px` results in an actual physical marker size of about `24.9 cm`. This keeps the marker pattern sharp and avoids blurry or interpolated marker edges. Smaller markers can provide more calibration data, but only if the camera can resolve them clearly. If the markers are too small, blurry, or only partially visible, detection quality will suffer. {% hint style="info" %} The Marker Size is a target value. Grid Studio may slightly adjust the final marker size to keep the Calibration Pattern pixel-perfect and avoid interpolation. {% endhint %} *** ## Step 4: Save Pattern Configurations Calibration Screens can store multiple pattern configurations. This is useful when the same Calibration Screen needs to be used with different marker sizes or pattern settings during a calibration workflow. For example, when using a zoom lens, you may need larger markers while the camera is zoomed out and smaller markers when the camera is zoomed in. Large markers are easier to detect from a wider view, while smaller markers allow more detailed calibration data when the camera sees a smaller part of the screen. Grid Studio provides a **Configurations** tab in the Inspector for this purpose. In the **Configurations** tab, you can: * save the current Calibration Screen settings as a configuration * load a previously saved configuration * prepare multiple marker sizes or pattern setups for the same Calibration Screen The calibration system automatically detects which configuration from this list is currently being used. {% hint style="info" %} Use configurations when you need to switch between different Calibration Pattern setups, for example when calibrating a zoom lens with different zoom ranges. {% endhint %} *** ## Step 5: Generate the Texture After changing the screen dimensions or Calibration Pattern settings, generate the texture from the **Screen** tab. This updates the internal texture used for the Calibration Image. {% hint style="info" %} Regenerate the texture whenever you change the resolution, marker size, tag generator, or pattern-related settings. {% endhint %} *** ## Step 6: Export the Calibration Image Right-click the Calibration Screen and select **Save Marker Image**. This exports the generated Calibration Image as a `.png` file.
The exported Calibration Image must be displayed or placed on the matching physical reference surface. For digital screens, display the image pixel-correctly on the LED processor, monitor, TV, laptop output, or media server. For printed boards, print the image at the exact physical size configured in Grid Studio. {% hint style="info" %} The UI action is called **Save Marker Image**, but the exported file is referred to as the **Calibration Image** in this documentation. {% endhint %} *** ## Step 7: Display or Print the Calibration Image Place the exported Calibration Image on the real reference surface. For digital screens, make sure that: * the image is displayed at the correct resolution * the image is not scaled * the image is not cropped * the aspect ratio is correct * no overscan or display processing is applied * the complete Calibration Pattern is visible For printed boards, make sure that: * the image is printed at the correct physical size * printer scaling is disabled * the board is flat and stable * the printed pattern is not bent or damaged *** ## Step 8: Check the Calibration Screen Before Calibration Before using the Single Screen in a calibration workflow, check the following: * The Calibration Screen exists in Grid Studio. * The physical dimensions match the real reference surface. * The pixel dimensions match the exported Calibration Image. * The texture was regenerated after changing dimensions or pattern settings. * The Calibration Image was exported from the correct Calibration Screen. * The Calibration Image is displayed pixel-correctly or printed at the correct size. * The complete Calibration Pattern is visible in the live camera image. * The reference surface does not move during calibration. Once the Single Screen Setup is ready, it can be used by calibration, alignment, or repositioning tools that require Calibration Screens.