3D Coordinate System
Coordinate System
Grid Studio uses a right-handed coordinate system.
X+
Right
Positive X moves objects to the right
Y+
Up
Positive Y moves objects upward
Z+
Forward
Positive Z moves objects forward
Rotations follow the right-hand rule, meaning positive rotations rotate counter-clockwise when looking along the positive axis direction.
Rotation Order and Euler Angles
Many systems represent orientation using Euler angles. However, Euler values can appear different between systems even when the actual orientation is identical.
This is often caused by differences in:
rotation order
coordinate systems
internal math conversions
Rotation Order
The rotation order defines the sequence in which rotations are applied around the axes.
Examples include:
Because 3D rotations are not commutative, the rotation order changes how the final orientation is calculated.
Example
The following Euler values all produce exactly the same orientation, even though the numbers differ.
XYZ
-129.231°
24.094°
63.434°
XZY
-90°
45°
54.736°
YXZ
-45°
144.736°
-90°
YZX
-90°
54.736°
-45°
ZXY
-35.264°
135°
90°
ZYX
-135°
35.264°
-60°
All of these describe the same object orientation.
Why This Happens in Tracking Pipelines
A typical pipeline may look like this:
Each system may use different:
rotation orders
coordinate conventions
internal math representations
Because of this, the Euler values shown in each system may differ even though the orientation remains identical.
Important
When validating orientation, always verify the visual orientation of the object, not just the raw Euler values.
Different Euler numbers do not necessarily indicate an incorrect rotation.
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